FLO4676886: Clerical costume: un monk franciscan, 14th century - Franciscan monk, 14th century - He wears a black woolen hood and robe, tied with a rope belt, and carries a book and cross - From a painting by Simone Martini - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676763: Laure de Sade (1310-1348) - Petrarch's Laura, from a portrait by Simone Martini, 14th century - She wears a small white hood with red fringe, fastened at the neck with gold buttons, and a green damask dress embroidered in gold - To identify Laura, Martini has painted a small flame under her throat - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676941: The coronation of Jean Galeas Visconti (Gian Galeazzo Visconti, 1351-1402) Duke of Milan (Italy), 14th century - Coronation of Gian Galeazzo Visconti, Duke of Milan, 1351-1402 - The duke in scarlet and ermine kneels before King Wenceslaus of Luxembourg to be crowned - To the left, a knight holds the perial banner and a scribe writes in a book - To the right, knights holds the banner of the Viscontis, and a sword - From a missal in the archives of the Basilica of Sant'Ambrogio, Milan - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676278: Un chevalier de Rhodes (Order of Saint John of Jerusalem a Rhodes or Order Hospitalier), kneeling in prayer, 15th century - Military garb as a Knight of Rhodes, or Hospitaler, 15th century - He wears a crimson tunic with gold cross over chainmail and plate armour, with gold buckles, steel gauntlets, red shoes and a steel helmet with yellow plume From a painting by Pinturicchio in Siena Cathedral - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676934: The coronation of Jean Galeas Visconti (Gian Galeazzo Visconti, 1351-1402) Duke of Milan (Italy), 14th century - Coronation of Gian Galeazzo Visconti, Duke of Milan, 14th century - The new duke in scarlet and ermine sits surrounded by clergy, nobles and military - A Bohemian knight holds the imperial banner, and Othon de Hello holds the banner of the Viscontis - From a missal in the archives of the Basilica of Sant'Ambrogio, Milan - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4677008: Costume d'une femme de noblesse jouant au jeu de paume, 14th century - Noble woman playing jeu de paume (real tennis) with raquet and ball, wearing a turban and simar (cassock) from a fresco at the Palazzo Borromeo, Milan, 14th century - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676521: Tournament leaders: joute a l'epee entre des chevaliers, 15th century - Joust with swords between two knights at a tournament, 15th century - The knight at left has a coat of arms and caparison of ermine, and wears a helmet with crown, horns, and leopard - The other has a blue coat of arms and caparison illustration, and a helmet with a fleur de lys - From an by Barthelemy d'Eyck in Rene of Anjou's “” Tournament Book,”” 1488 - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676773: Military costume: un archer italien, 14eme century - Italian archer or longbowman, 14th century - He wears a pink tunic, doublet with full yellow sleeves, blue stockings and cracows (long pointed shoes a la poulaine) - From a miniature in the Titus Livius manuscript in the Biblioteca Ambrosiana, Milan - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676702: Christian liturgical ritual: celebration of mass, the officiant consecrates the host for the Eucharist, 14th century - Celebrating a mass, 14th century - A priest, altar boy, and congregation are shown in front of an altar with cross, candle and Bible - From a miniature in a contemporary manuscript - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676038: Costume d'un notaire, 15th century - Costume of a church notary, 15th century - He wears a red robe with hanging sleeves and blue collar, a gold habit and white shirt - From a miniature painting by Piero della Francesca - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676048: The Knight Olivier de Vienne or Gennes, or Olivier le sage, confidant and adviser of Roland (736-778), in the epic poem Roland's Song, 11th-13th century - The paladin Oliver, or Olivier de Vienne, from the Song of Roland, 13th century - He wears a long tunic, stockings and shoes, large shield and on battle - From a figure the portal of Verona Cathedral - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676342: Judges storytellers, guarantors of the deroulement of a chivalry tournament, and a heraut king of arms, officer supervisor of the arms march, 15th century - Four tournament judges, judges', and the king of arms, roi d'armes, 15th century - The judges wear hats or hoods, doublets, stockings and cracows (pointed shoes) - The king of arms wears a chlamys with a parchment painting of the coats of arms of the combatants, doublet, black trousers, cracows with spurs, and holds a paper with the tourney challenges - From an illustration by Barthelemy d'Eyck in Rene of Anjou's “” Tournament Book,”” 1488 - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676213: Cosimo (Come) of Medicis (1389-1464), also known as Cosimo the Elder (Cosimo il Vecchio) or Come Pere of the Fatherland (Cosimo Pater Patriae), Italian banker and statesman, founder of the political dynasty of the Medici - Cosimo de Medici (1389-1464), father of the nation - He wears a son bonnet, black cape over black robe - From a painting by Benozzo Gozzoli in the camposante (graveyard) in Pisa - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676313: Munio de Zamora (1237-1300), Spanish Dominican brother, master general of the Dominican Order (1285-1291) - Munio of Zamora, Dominican monk, 13th century - He wears a vestment of cape, scapular, tunic and shoes - From a mosaic gravestone to Munio of Zamora, seventh Master of the Order of Preachers, in the church of Santa Sabina in Rome - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4675968: Le pas d'arme (protocolaire entre chevaliers), Tournament de Saint Inglevere, near Calais (France), en 1380 - A joust between two mounted knights, 14th century - From the tournament held at St-Inglevere near Calais, c 1380, where three French knights (Sir Reginald de Roye, Sir Boucicaut and Lord de Saimpi) defended the lists for 30 days against comers from England and elsewhere - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676111: Military costume of a crusader, 13th century - He wears an iron helmet and chainmail armour, yellow tunic, buckler with white cross on red field, cape lined in ermine, red shoes and gold spurs - From a painting in the Basilica of San Zeno, Verona - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676804: Clerical costume: un monk chartreux, ordre de Saint Bruno, 14th century - Carthusian monk, Order of Saint Bruno, 14th century - He wears a hood, cape and tunic in white linen, and holds a walking stick - From a painting by Ambrogio Lorenzetti - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676568: Costume d'un marchand venitien (Italy), 15th century - Venetian merchant, 15th century - He wears a black hat, sleeveless cape, black velvet doublet, red stockings and black shoes - From a painting by Gentile Bellini in the Academy of Fine Arts, Venice - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861 -, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676782: Petrarque (Francesco Petrarca, 1304-1374), Italian humanist poet - Petrarch, Italian poet, 14th century - He wears a robe and hood in scarlet lined with ermine - From the portrait by Simone Martini in the church of Santa Maria Novella, Florence - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676913: Costume d'un senateur venitien (Italy), 14th century - Venetian senator, 14th century - He wears a scarlet toque, scarlet cape lined with ermine with slit sides over black robes - From the painting “” Procession of the True Cross in Piazza San Marco””” by Gentile Bellini, 1496 - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4677069: Costume d'une femme de la nobility italian, 14th century - Italian noble woman, 14th century, in veil with black and gold embroidery, gold cape and green dress - From a picture in the Academy of Fine Arts at Siena - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4677088: Un chevlier francais a cheval pour un tournament, 14th century - English knight on horseback for a tournament, 14th century - He wears a steel helmet, blue cuirasset or breastplate, shield with steel plate decorated with fleurons, suit of plate armour and carries a lance - The horse is caparisoned in gold - From a miniature in a Bible held by the Barberini library, Rome - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4677103: Costume d'une femme de la nobility italian, 14th century - Costume of an Italian noble woman, 14th century - She wears a crimson velvet cone with yellow turban, a gold dress with green and grey sleeves, and a white petticoat bordered with ermine - From a manuscript in the Brera library, Milan - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676489: Military costume: un chevalier florentin, 15th century - Florentine gentleman in military costume, 15th century - He wears a steel helmet with vizor and gold crest, suit of steel armour with red laces, red shoes and steel spurs - Horse harness in bleached leather - From a painting in the Florentine school of the Great Triumphs of Petrarch - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676557: Military suit: a German knight in armour, Guillaume de Bibra ((Wilhelm von Bibra) (1442-1490) - German knight in armour, 15th century - He wears a steel helmet with gold details, a suit of plate armour in steel with gold joints, green belt, articulated gauntlets and shoes - He is armed with sword, daghelger and battle axe - From the tomb of Wilson M von Bibra, ambassador to HRE Frederick III, in the church of Saint Anastasia, Verona - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676577: Costume d'une maid italian, 15th century - Female Italian servant, 15th century - She wears a white veil with fringe, green dress ornamented with gold at the neck, and black shoes - She carries two silver vases - From a painting by Vecchietta or Lorenzo di Pietro in the Academy of Fine Arts, Siena - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676747: Costumes de jeunes femmes italiennes, 14eme century - Young Italian women, 14th century - They wear robes without belts, each trimmed with fur at the hem - One wears her hair laced up, while the other two wear bonnets with long tails - From the Titius Livius manuscript in the Biblioteca Ambroisana, Milan - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676130: Costume d'une jeune femme de Hollande (Netherlands), 15th century - Costume of a young woman of Holland, 15th century - She wears a pink turban with long veil, white blouse, white cape, and green dress with crimson velvet sleeves - She holds a peacock feather in her hand - From a painting by Lucas van Leyden in the Academy of Fine Arts, Pisa - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676993: Engagement Ceremony, 13th century - Engagement ceremony, 13th century - A man places a ring on the index finger of his betrothed in front of his parents - She wears a small crown of gold tied with a black ribbon, a damask cape and dress lined with ermine - He wears a skyblue cape and robe - From an illustration in manuscript 1389, Vatican library - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4677117: Un fauconnier allemand, 13eme century - German falconer, 13th century - He wears a white cap, striped tunic, checked sleeves, stockings, black belt and green purse - He holds a falcon on a gauntlet, and a scarlet hood in his right - From Frederick II's treatise on falconry, De Arte Venandi um Avibus - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4677045: Official costume of a Roman senator, 14th century - Roman senator or governor in formal robes, 14th century - He wears a ducal hat in gold brocade, a cape of gold brocade and ermine, a pink simar, red velvet shoes and carries a sceptre - From the sepulchral effigy of Pietro Lante, church of Araceli, Rome - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676140: Vestments of a Catholic cardinal, 15th century - He wears a flat hat, a scarlet cape with arm holes and hood, white rochet and blue cassock - From a painting by an unknown artist in the Academy of Fine Arts, Siena - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676249: Military costume: a man of arms (professional soldier) of the 15th century, accompanied by a young page - Man of arms of the 15th century - He wears a helmet and suit of steel plate armour with gold chainmail joints - His young page in tunic and stockings holds a sword in a blue scabbard - From a painting by Pinturicchio in the Basilica of the Holy Cross in Jerusalem, Rome - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4676843: Les funerailles d'un eveque, 14th century - Funeral of a bishop, 14th century - Body of a bishop in mitre, chasuble and vestments lying in state, while bishop, monk, priest, nuns and altar boys perform a funeral rite with candles, bible, censer and cross - From a miniature in a missal in the Basilica di Sant'Ambrogio, Milan - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1860, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images
FLO4675948: Plebeien costume (costume ordinaire d'un homme du peuple), 14th century - Costume of a common man, 14th century - He wears a large, hooded smock with buttons down the front, and black shoes - From a painting by Simone Memmi, in the Spanish Chapel, Basilica of Santa Maria Novella, Florence - Handcoloured illustration drawn and lithographed by Paul Mercuri with text by Camille Bonnard from “” Historical Costumes from the 12th to 15th Centuries,”” Levy Fils, Paris, 1861, Mercuri, Paolo (1804-84) / Bridgeman Images